Improvement in lamps



H. W. HAYDEN.

Lamp Burner.-

Patented April 14, 1863.

3W6 mm g UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HIRAM W. HAYDEN, OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAM PS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,162, dated April 14, 1863.

To all whom it may concem Be it known that I, HIRAM W. HAYDEN, of Waterbury, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented, made, and applied to use a certain new and useful Improvement in Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the said invention, reference be ing had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, wherein Figure 1 is a section of my burner, and Fig. 2 is a plan of said burner with, the chimney reiroved.

Similar marks of reference denote the same parts.

Lamps for burning coal-oils have heretofore been made in which a round wick is employed, and in other instances a deflector has been used for lamps that burn without a glass chimney, and in which the ends of the slot in the deflector extend below the level of the wick, in order that the flame may spread but in this instance a flat wick is employed. The solid round wick I find will burn with a much smaller flame for a night-lamp than the flat wick, and does not produce smell, because all the vapors rising from the wick pass into the flame, whereas in a flat wick the flame is apt to burn at the middle when very low and not at the ends; and I have also found that the round wick will raise the oil much better than the flat wick, because the center part of such wick is loose fibers inclosed with the braided exterior. I have, therefore, availed of these features in constructing my lamp, in which I avail of the benefits iesulting from the round wick by combining such wick with a deflector so formed that the flame is spread into a flat sheet within the glass chimney, and to this end I find it necessary to have the slot in the deflector extend sufficiently down the sides thereof not to produce compression on the edges of the flame by the draft, and to have an air-draft below the chimney between that and the deflector. By this construction and arrangement I am enabled to burn the lamp with a very small flame, or to raise the wick so that a large, flat, and brilliant flame will be produced.

In the drawings, a is a reservoir of any desired character. bis the burner screwed into the top of the reservoir a. c is the round wick and tube. (1 is the wickraiser. e is the perforated air-distributor at the edge of the burner. f is the holder for the chimney g, forming also an airchamber around the wicktube. The chimney is held by the screw 1 and ears 2 2, or in any other convenient manner, and raised up by the projections 3 3 sufiiciently to allow a draft of air to pass be tween the base of the chimney and the holder f. This holderfmay be hinged to e, as at 4, if desired. The holder f terminates as a deflector, h, within the base of the chimney g, and the slot in said deflector extends from the parts marked 5 to 5. The air passing to the flame in the direction of the arrows is sufficient to produce a perfect combustion, and the flame as it ascends from the round wick is spread out flat by the action of the air in passing through the deflector, and gives a beautiful, brilliant light; but when the wick is depressed so that the flame does not rise above the deflector h it will burn steady and in a conical shape until nearlyextinguished, and there will be little or no smell; hence my lamp is adapted to use as a night-lamp or to use where a brilliant light is required. The a-ir-distributer e regulates the draft passing into f, and prevents a sudden rush of air that might blow out the light when burning with a small flame.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The circular wick and tube 0, in combination with the deflector h, slotted, as specified, and with the glass chimney 9, having a draftspace between the base of said chimney and the deflector, for the purposes and as specified.

2. The perforated air-distributer c, in combination with the said circular wick c, slotted deflector h, and glass chimney g, for the purpose of regulating the action of the air, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this 25th day of February, 1863.

H. W. HAYDEN.

Witnesses:

ELIPHALET BUEL. THEODORE S. BUEL. 

